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How Does Solar Work? A Simplified Explanation

Sabrina Lopez
March 21, 2022
2 min read

[Originally published on March 21, 2022, | Updated on January 24, 2024 - 3 min read]

How Does Solar Work? A Simplified Explanation

Solar energy is a game-changer, especially in sunny areas like Phoenix, Arizona. But how does this remarkable technology convert sunlight into usable electricity for your home? Let's demystify this process.

Key Components of a Solar Energy System
  1. Solar Panels: The frontline warriors. Using photovoltaic cells, they capture sunlight and convert it into direct current (DC) electricity.

  2. Inverter: This device transforms DC electricity into alternating current (AC), the form of electricity used in homes.

  3. Solar Meter: It keeps track of the energy you use and the surplus you generate, which is crucial in managing your solar energy consumption and credits.

  4. Battery (Optional): Stores excess solar energy for later use, particularly during nighttime or power outages.

The Solar Energy Conversion Process
  1. Absorption of Sunlight: When sunlight hits the solar panels, photovoltaic cells absorb it, initiating the energy conversion.

  2. Creation of Electric Current: The energized cells cause electrons to move, creating a flow of DC electricity.

  3. Conversion to Usable Electricity: The inverter takes over, converting DC into AC electricity and aligning it with your home's energy needs.

  4. Energy Storage and Management: Excess energy is stored for off-peak hours if you have a battery system. The solar meter monitors energy production and consumption, ensuring you maximize your solar investment.

Understanding Solar Energy Flow
  • Sunny Days: Maximum energy production; potential surplus energy can be returned to the grid for credits.
  • Cloudy Days: Reduced production, might need to draw energy from the grid or battery.
  • Night-Time: Stored solar energy in batteries comes into play, ensuring a continuous power supply.
Why Solar?
  • Economic Benefits: Save on electricity bills and earn credits for excess energy.
  • Environmental Impact: Reduce carbon footprint and support sustainable energy.
  • Energy Independence: Protect against rising energy costs and grid instability.
Solar Energy – A Step Towards Sustainable Living

Solar energy isn’t just about harnessing the sun’s power; it's about making a conscious choice for a sustainable future. Solar energy is a smart, forward-thinking choice whether you're aiming for reduced energy bills, environmental conservation, or energy independence.


Are you interested in exploring solar energy for your home? Ready for a personalized consultation? Click here for a no-obligation quote and discover how solar can transform your energy experience.

Below is a good illustration of how the system works with your home and the utility.

How-Solar-Works-Diagram